Shark Protected, But a Threat Remains: Concerns Grow Over Shark Risks to Fishing and Tourism in Maldives
The Maldives is globally praised for its commitment to marine conservation. In 2010, the government declared its waters a shark sanctuary, banning shark fishing to protect endangered species and promote marine biodiversity. While this bold move earned international acclaim, local communities and stakeholders in the fishing and tourism sectors are raising concerns that sharks—while protected—may be posing growing risks to livelihoods and safety.
Fishermen Face the Bite
Many Maldivian fishermen report increasing encounters with aggressive sharks, which they claim are damaging fishing gear, stealing catch, and making certain areas dangerous to work in.
“We’re not against conservation,” said a local fisherman from Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll. “But sharks have become fearless. They follow our boats and eat the fish off our lines. Sometimes we lose our entire catch.”
For a nation where fishing is the second-largest economic sector, these disruptions are more than an inconvenience—they impact incomes, food security, and community stability.
A Hidden Danger for Tourists
Tour operators and diving instructors are also voicing concerns. While shark sightings can be a thrilling highlight of diving trips, aggressive behavior in certain areas is becoming an issue.
“Sharks are generally not a threat to divers if respected,” said a veteran diving instructor in South Ari Atoll. “But in some places, especially where fish feeding used to happen, the sharks associate humans with food. That changes their behavior and increases risks.”
Snorkelers, especially inexperienced tourists, may not be aware of safety protocols around sharks. As the tourism industry recovers post-pandemic, ensuring safe and informed ocean experiences is more important than ever.
Balancing Protection and Public Safety
Marine conservationists acknowledge the concerns but urge a balanced approach. “Sharks are vital for healthy reef ecosystems,” said a marine biologist based in Malé. “But that doesn’t mean we ignore local realities. Monitoring, education, and area-specific management could reduce human-shark conflicts.”
Some experts suggest reviewing the shark protection policy to include zoning or seasonal restrictions, allowing for coexistence between shark conservation and economic activity.
The Way Forward
As the Maldives continues to promote itself as a model for marine protection and a luxury dive destination, the shark dilemma poses a policy challenge. Can the country protect sharks while also protecting people and their livelihoods?
For now, fishermen and tourism operators are asking for a national conversation—one that includes science, experience, and economic realities. Because in the delicate balance of the ocean, protecting one species must not come at the cost of endangering the rest.